Detroit Black Journal: Featuring Bishop Desmond Tutu, Aired January 15, 1986

Topic	Begins At
Shell Oil In the first segment Tutu talks about the American protest that are occurring against Shell Oil Company. He says, “These protests in America are extremely important for two reasons. It boosts the morale of the victims of apartheid by letting them know that people all over the planet care. Also it undermines the image of Shell Oil. International opinion is more important to them than they would like you to believe. This is why they have banned TV from showing what is going on. The government keeps looking for scapegoats on the unrest in South Africa. But they are avoiding the main issue, we have warned them that until apartheid is gone, anything they do will be peripheral to the real problem.”	00:01:00:00
The Complexity of Apartheid He then addresses the struggle against apartheid by noting, We inhabit two worlds. They have a different perception and live in a different world. I think the gap has widened. They are adept at semantic games, and telling you about all the things they intend to do.” “We need a total dismantling of apartheid, we need an end to the state of emergency, we need troops pulled out, exiles and political prisoners returned to their homes. They will not do it of their own accord, I have never heard of any people willing to share power. On the issue of violence, if I were younger I would've rejected Bishop Tutu long ago. A small boy told me one time: Bishop Tutu, show me what you have gained for us with all of your eloquent talk on peace, and I will show you what we have accomplished with a few stones.”	00:07:00:00
United States Intervention In his fight against apartheid Tutu maintained that sanctions imposed by international business and governments was vital to dismantling the system. He states, “Reagan has set sanctions on Libya , Nicaragua , etc. But when it comes to South Africa Reagan claims that the sanctions will hurt those who they intend to help. Why is this so? This was not an issue with any other countries he has applied sanctions to, why South Africa ? International intervention is necessary to prevent a catastrophe in South Africa .” He brings this issue up again at the end of part II stating, “70% of blacks in South Africa are asking that sanctions be imposed. I think there are similarities between all people who are denied basic rights. The Palestinians are seeking territory, so there are similarities.” “If your government would apply the same policies it applies to Nicaragua , then there would be no apartheid in South Africa .”	00:15:00:00
Mandela Tutu speaks on the significance of Mandela as a symbol: “He is a Martin Luther King for us, every struggle needs a leader who is charismatic and truly dedicated to the struggle. Nelson Mandela is head and shoulders into South Africa more than anybody I know. The government's only predictability is in how unpredictable they are. The way they are dealing with Winnie Mandela. Nelson Mandela is not free, and you would figure the government would worry about him dying in prison. Some say that the South African government is like a centipede that is trying to shoot itself in every foot.”	00:22:00:00
Tribalism Tutu speaks on tribalism: “We are de-tribalized, my mother is of one tribe and my father is of another. The governments of the world like to use tribalism to mean strife. Problems are not synonymous with tribalism, there are no tribes in Northern Ireland .”	00:29:00:00

Topic	Begins At
Comparisons to the Civil Rights Movement Tutu addresses the difference between the Civil Rights movement in the U.S. and the struggle against apartheid in South Africa: “The difference between the civil rights movement and our struggle in South Africa, here there was a Constitution that guaranteed rights and the law was theoretically on their side. In South Africa, the constitution is against us.”	00:06:00:00
Religion Tutu discusses his religious teachings: “I am now Bishop of Johannesburg. I talk to white audiences in a spiritual way and they realized I do not have horns and a tail, and do know a thing or two about the bible. There are a lot of white people that have so much lose but want to see change very badly. Don’t think that white people in South Africa are all demons because they are not. They are simply human beings, and many of them very scared human beings.”	00:11:00:00
Tension in South Africa Tutu addresses the increased tension in South Africa: “There is an increase in South African blacks that are willing to choose violence over negotiating, now that negotiations are proving themselves to be unfruitful. The children put us adults to shame when it comes to bravery. Confronting the police and troops, they are dodging bullets.”	00:15:00:00
Reagan’s Apparent Double Standard: “If your government would apply the same policies it applies to Nicaragua, then there would be no apartheid in South Africa.”